To him, your celebration is a sham; your boasted liberty, an unholy license; your national greatness, swelling vanity.”.

3 to Galveston residents: Following Granger’s announcement, the formerly enslaved Black Americans broke into celebration. “Juneteenth: Fact Sheet - Federation of American Scientists.” Congressional Research Service, 3 June 2020, fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R44865.pdf. This was especially true in the 1920s, Turner explains, with the Consumer Age infiltrating black society with advertisements for fancier Juneteenth getups and more elaborate displays of pomp and circumstance. But Granger wasn’t just a few months late. According to the National Juneteenth Observance Foundation, Rev. And when Houston refused to close its banks on Memorial Day in 1919 (only to do so four days later on Jefferson Davis Day, honoring the former Confederate president), Juneteenth celebrants still did their own remembering, in Hayes Turner’s words, to project “identification with American ideals” in “a potent life-giving event … a joyful retort to messages of overt racism … a public counter-demonstration to displays of Confederate glorification and a counter-memory to the valorization of the Lost Cause.”. [8][9][10][a], Celebrations date to 1866, at first involving church-centered community gatherings in Texas. [90], Juneteenth celebrations often include lectures and exhibitions on African-American culture. Exploring Juneteenth and the history behind end of U.S. slavery June 18, 2020 02:43 “The contributions they made to the American democratic experience are completely ignored,” he said. [14][21] The day was first celebrated in Austin in 1867 under the auspices of the Freedmen's Bureau, and it had been listed on a "calendar of public events" by 1872. Enforcement of the Proclamation generally relied on the advance of Union troops.

It is possible that Juneteenth would have vanished from the calendar (at least outside of Texas) had it not been for another remarkable turn of events during the same civil rights movement that had exposed many of the country’s shortcomings about race relations. Juneteenth is a monumental yet often overlooked event in our nation’s history. Ronald Meyers, is committed to making Juneteenth a federal holiday on a par with Flag and Patriot days. But nobody had ever heard of it. [50][51] In 1999, Ralph Ellison's novel Juneteenth was published, increasing recognition of the holiday. When Maj. Gen. Gordon Granger issued the above order, he had no idea that, in establishing the Union Army’s authority over the people of Texas, he was also establishing the basis for a holiday, “Juneteenth” (“June” plus “nineteenth”), today the most popular annual celebration of emancipation from slavery in the United States. Juneteenth, a holiday that honors the end of slavery in the United States, has been celebrated by Black Americans for the last 155 years.

NOW, THEREFORE, I, JAMES V. ALLRED, Governor of the State of Texas, do set aside and proclaim the day of June 20, 1938, as the date for observance of Juneteenth (a portmanteau of June and nineteenth)[2] – also known as Freedom Day,[3] Jubilee Day,[4] Liberation Day,[5] and Emancipation Day[6] – is a holiday celebrating the emancipation of those who had been enslaved in the United States. [26] Early independence celebrations often occurred on January 1 or 4. [45] Organizations such as the National Juneteenth Observance Foundation are seeking a Congressional designation of Juneteenth as a national day of observance. When it became clear that the Poor People’s March was falling short of its goals, the organizers decided to cut it short on June 19, 1968, well aware that it was now just over a century since the first Juneteenth celebration in Texas.

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