The tunica externa in veins also contains groups of smooth muscle fibers. It’s mostly composed of collagen and elastic fibers. The tunica externa represents a dense connective tissue capsule. (Tunica adventitia is at 'a'), Microphotography of arterial wall with calcified (violet colour) atherosclerotic plaque (haematoxylin & eosin stain), This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 499 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918), Anatomy photo: Circulatory/vessels/vessels7/vessels4, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tunica_externa&oldid=951066680, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 15 April 2020, at 09:08.
Structure of the Artery Wall : This diagram of the artery wall indicates the smooth muscle, external elastic membrane, endothelium, internal elastic membrane, tunica externa, tunica media, and tunica intima. Transverse section through a small artery and vein of the mucous membrane of the epiglottis of a child. Tunica adventitia (tunica externa) is the outer layer of a blood vessel, including arteries and veins. It is mainly composed of collagen and, in arteries, is supported by external elastic lamina. The outer tunic, the tunica externa (also called the tunica adventitia), is a substantial sheath of connective tissue composed primarily of collagenous fibers. A common pathological disorder concerning the tunica externa is scurvy, also known as vitamin C deficiency. The collagen serves to anchor the blood vessel to nearby organs, giving it stability. The tunica externa is often thicker in veins to prevent collapse of the blood vessel and provide protection from damage since veins may be superficially located. Scurvy occurs because vitamin C is essential for the synthesis of collagen, and without it, the faulty collagen cannot maintain the vein walls and rupture, leading to a multitude of problems. Some bands of elastic fibers are found here as well.
The three layers of the blood vessels are: an inner tunica intima, a middle tunica media, and an outer tunica externa. The submucosa usually is impregnated with guanine crystals or may include layered lipid membranes, rendering the swimbladder wall relatively impermeable to gases in order to reduce diffusional loss of gases out of the secretory section. The tunica externa (New Latin "outer coat") — also known as the tunica adventitia (New Latin "additional coat"), is the outermost tunica (layer) of a blood vessel, surrounding the tunica media. The collagen serves to anchor the blood vessel to nearby organs, giving it stability. It is mainly composed of collagen and, in arteries, is supported by external elastic lamina. The tunica externa (New Latin "outer coat") — also known as the tunica adventitia (New Latin "additional coat"), is the outermost tunica (layer) of a blood vessel, surrounding the tunica media. Tunica Externa.

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